YOSHLAR OVOZI

O‘zbekiston yoshlar ittifoqining ijtimoiy-siyosiy, iqtisodiy, adabiy-badiiy gazetasi

Yoshlar va matbuot

OAV — erkin qarashlar maydoni

By"Yoshlar ovozi"

Iyun 24, 2021

Mustaqillikning dastlabki yillarida ta’lim tizimidagi islohotlar tufayli respublikamizda 61 ta oliy ta’lim muassasasi tashkil qilingan bo‘lsa, keyingi paytlarda olib borilgan kadrlar tayyorlash siyosati tufayli 2020–2021-o‘quv yili yakunida OTMlar soni 131 taga yetdi.
Yoshlarimizning mamlakatimiz ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy sohalariga qo‘shayotgan hissasi, ular uchun yaratilgan sharoit va imkoniyatlar haqida so‘z yuritilsa, ko‘plab raqamlarni misol qilib keltirish mumkin. So‘nggi to‘rt yilda O‘zbekiston yoshlari hayotida ulkan o‘zgarishlar ro‘y berdi, iqtidorli yoshlarni qo‘llab-quvvatlash, ularning iste’dodini yuzaga chiqarish borasida butunlay yangicha tartibda ish olib borildi. Davlatimiz rahbari tomonidan yoshlarni qo‘llab-quvvatlash, ularga zarur shart-sharoitlarni yaratish borasida ilgari surilgan takliflar, qabul qilingan qaror va farmonlar bu borada dasturilamal bo‘lib xizmat qilmoqda.
Jumladan, mamlakatimizda matbuot va so‘z erkinligiga e’tibor, munosabat ijobiy tarafga o‘zgardi. Yoshlarning media savodxonligi oshib bormoqda. Ochiqlik, oshkoralik tamoyili asosida faoliyat yuritayotgan yosh jurnalistlar va blogerlarga keng imkoniyatlar berilmoqda. Jurnalist kadrlar tayyorlash mexanizmlari tubdan o‘zgardi.
Amaliy ishlar samarasi o‘laroq O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2018 yildagi tegishli qarori bilan O‘zbekiston jurnalistika va ommaviy kommunikatsiyalar universiteti tashkil etildi. Universitet axborot sohasi uchun yosh jurnalist kadrlar, bir nechta xorijiy tilni mukammal biladigan, yuqori malakali, xalqaro jurnalistlar hamda ilmiy-pedagog kadrlarni tayyorlash, ilmiy-tadqiqot ishlarini olib borish, respublikada mediata’lim tizimini yaratish, soha xodimlarini qayta tayyorlash va malakasini oshirish, mazkur yo‘nalishlarda ilmiy va o‘quv-metodik materiallarni ishlab chiqish bo‘yicha tayanch oliy ta’lim muassasasi hisoblanadi.
Ayni paytda Toshkent, Namangan va Samarqand viloyatlarida “Media markazlar” va “Yosh jurnalistlar maktablari” faoliyati yo‘lga qo‘yilib, ushbu dargohlarda 1200 dan ortiq yoshlar ta’lim olmoqda.
Shunga muvofiq ravishda mamlakatimizda faoliyat ko‘rsatayotgan OAVlar soni ham yildan yilga qo‘paymoqda. Misol uchun, hozirgi kunda yurtimizda 1893 ta ommaviy axborot vositasi mavjud bo‘lib, ularning 642 tasi gazeta, 482 tasi jurnal, 17 tasi axborotnoma-byulleten, 72 tasi telekanal, 37 tasi radio, 5 tasi axborot agentligi, 638 tasi veb-saytdir.
Yoshlarda axborotga bo‘lgan ehtiyojning ortishi, turli gadjetlar yordamida kerakli ma’lumotlarni bir zumda topish imkoniyatlari kengayib borayotgani natijasida bu qatlamning ijtimoiy tarmoqlardagi faolligi ham ortmoqda.
Masalan, ayni vaqtda mamlakatimizda “Facebook”da 4,7 million, “Instagram”da 3,7 million, “Linkedln”da 288 ming, “Telegram”da 18 million, “Odnoklassniki”da 16,7 million, “Twitter”da 51,6 ming va “V-kontakte”da 2,6 million foydalanuvchi mavjudligi qayd etilgan. Ijtimoiy tarmoq foydalanuvchilarning aksariyatini yoshlar tashkil etmoqda.
Ma’lumot o‘rnida shuni ta’kidlash kerakki, hozir respublikamizda bolalar va o‘smirlar, yoshlar hayoti va faoliyatini yorituvchi 30 dan ortiq ommaviy axborot vositasi faoliyat olib bormoqda. “Yoshlar”, “Bolajon” “Mening yurtim”, “Aqlvoy” telekanallari, “Yoshlar ovozi” radiokanali, “Gulxan”, “G‘uncha”, “Sog‘lom avlod uchun”, “Yosh kuch”, “Yoshlik” jurnallari, “Yoshlar ovozi”-“Molodej Uzbekistana”, “Tong yulduzi”, “Klass”, “Sog‘lom avlod” kabi gazetalar shular jumlasidandir.
Bugungi kun axborot siyosatini belgilashda, media islohotlar jarayonida jurnalist va blogerlarning o‘rni, jamiyatdagi o‘zgarishlar, yangiliklar, shu jumladan, og‘riqli nuqtalar hamda muammolar xususidagi fikrlarining o‘rni katta. Jamoatchilik nuqtayi nazarida aholi, ayniqsa, yoshlarning axborotdan foydalanish va uni qabul qilish jarayonlari tobora jadallashib, tezlashib bormoqda.
Yoshlarning bilimdon va tadbirkor, yangiliklarga intiluvchan, ijtimoiy hayotda faol shaxs bo‘lib kamol topishida ular foydalanadigan axborot makoni o‘ta muhimdir. Bunda nafaqat olinajak axborotning mazmuni, balki ulardan foydalanish madaniyati, ya’ni shaxsning media savodxonligi ham katta rol o‘ynaydi. Kishining jamiyatda ro‘y berayotgan voqea-hodisalarga, tarqatilayotgan axborot va ma’lumotlarga nisbatan o‘z fikrini aniq bayon etish, uni asoslab bera olish, voqea-hodisalarni turli nuqtayi nazardan ko‘rib chiqish malakasi – media savodxonlikning muhim tarkibiy qismi bo‘lib, undan OAVning turli kanallari uchun maqola tayyorlashda, videomaterialni e’lon qilishda, muhim masalalar yuzasidan ijtimoiy reklama tayyorlashda yoki bahs-munozaralarni tashkil etishda foydalanish mumkin.
Ongli inson borki, hayotining har lahzasida yo axborot oladi, yo uni idrok etadi va yoki uzatadi. Bu uch jarayonning to‘rtinchisi – foydali axborotni saralay olish hamda keraksizlaridan xalos bo‘lishdir. Buning uchun muayyan bilim, chuqur mulohaza va yuksak tafakkur talab qilinadi.
Yoshlar o‘z qarashlarini bayon etishda yoki fikr-mulohazalarini tasdiqlashda media makondan, media vositalardan doimiy ravishda foydalanadi. Tabiiyki, OAV fuqarolik jamiyati xususidagi bahs-munozaralar uchun faol maydoncha vazifasini o‘taydi.
An’anaviy OAVlarda, odatda, kattalarning fikri ustunlik qiladi, shu bois yoshlar virtual makonda o‘z qarashlarini bayon etishni afzal biladi. O‘zini jamiyatning faol a’zosi deb his etish yoshlarda fuqarolik pozitsiyasini shakllantirishga yordam beradi. Har bir yosh jurnalist muayyan mediaresurs ustida ishlar ekan, o‘z auditoriyasida faol ijtimoiy pozitsiyani shakllantirishga, shu orqali fuqarolarning ijtimoiy faolligini oshirishga xizmat qilishi kerakligini tushunishi zarur.
Xulosa o‘rnida qayd etish joizki, mamlakatimizda yoshlar, jumladan, yosh jurnalislar, blogerlar uchun yaratilgan barcha imkoniyatlar ularning o‘z faoliyatini erkin olib borishi uchun xizmat qiladi. Yoshlar media makondagi axborotni tahlil qilish salohiyatiga, strategik istiqbollarni belgilashda mustaqil fikriga ega ekani jamiyat uchun o‘ta muhim ijtimoiy va ma’naviy omillardan biridir. Shu jihatdan yoshlarda axborotdan foydalanish malakasi, madaniyati va ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirib borish bugungi global dunyoda yanada dolzarb bo‘lib boraveradi.

Jamshid NABIYEV,
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Administratsiyasi
huzuridagi Axborot va ommaviy kommunikatsiyalar
agentligi mas’ul xodimi

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